Friday, December 27, 2019

The Oil And Gas Industry - 1293 Words

The oil and gas industry is characterized by many processes, including exploration, resource extraction, refining, transport, and the trade of products. These resources are important to a number of other industries, and have become vital to the maintenance of industrial civilization. Not only does energy affect the big businesses on the coasts and across the oceans; but it also affects everyday people in rural America, from pump jacks to coal mines. It’s easy to see that technology affects retail, entertainment, telecommunications, and other fields. But the new technologies being adopted in industry draw a lot of funding, and affect the governmental decisions, industrial funding, and other aspects of economy and world relations. The industry of oil and gas has evolved since the first oil wells and reservoirs were found. We have recently seen an array of advanced technologies to improve production efficiency, harvest productivity, and performance. These advancements do not seem to be slowing down. The energy industry has seen innovation in the form of hydraulic fracturing, advanced drilling methods, and the harnessing of natural gas. However, such advancements made in the technologies raise questions on the environmental impacts of oil and gas innovation. Legal issues are created and raised with the advent of hydraulic fracturing. This piece will discuss two large topics of interest seen in the realm of energy law. We will discuss whether the advent of new technology in theShow MoreRelatedThe Oil And Gas Industry1146 Words   |  5 PagesThe oil and gas industry is crucial to the U.S. economy and plays a central role in its environment, society, and economic development . The U.S. consumes more oil than any other country. Products derived from oil include medicine, recreational sports items, cosmetics, plastic, chemicals, transportation liquids, etc... This is to say, crude oil is the most important natural resource of the industrialized nations, as it has assisted in the technical expansion and discovery of new sources and productionRead MoreThe Oil And Gas Industry2146 Words   |  9 Pagesand production one like Cairn Energy, operate in the oil and gas industry. Each of these companies faces some financial, commercial or contractual considerations similar throughout the industry, and some peculiar to the area of operation within the industry. Problems within the oil and gas companies have occurred in the past due to askew interests and these problems are likely to occur in the future. Managers within the oil and gas industries requires essential working knowledge of the concepts involvedRead MoreThe Oil And Gas Industry2308 Words   |  10 PagesWhen thinking about how all this oil and gas gets from the platforms in the gulf to land to be produced, you will run across the phrase, â€Å"flow assurance.† Flow assurance is what makes sure these oils and gases get from point A to point B without any hesitations or problems. Its main purpose is to prevent hydrates, clogged pipes, and wax depositions. So can the oilfield industry survive without flow assurance, especially in deep water operations? By reading this, you will learn how important flowRead MoreThe Oil And Gas Industry2910 Words   |  12 PagesThe oil and gas industry has been largely dependent on the collaboration between oil and gas companies and governments represented by environmental and regulatory agencies. This collaboration has been in place to regulate the practices and to protect the environment around the field operations sites. Some of the environmental agencies roles in the oil and gas industry includes: †¢ The design of safety procedures and drills. †¢ The implementation of these procedures to ensure they’re respected and carriedRead MoreThe Oil And Gas Industry1285 Words   |  6 Pagesthe largest in the southern U.S. and Texas, has been developing strong economy, especially in oil and gas industry. During the last decades of the twentieth century, Houston focused on developing energy industry—which comprises oil and gas exploration and production, oilfield equipment manufacturing and wholesaling, and pipeline transportation. However, some economists doubt that depending on oil and gas too much could make Houston particularly vulnerable to economic downturns determined by energyRead MoreThe Oil And Gas Industry1662 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most capital intensive and globalized industries is the energy sector because of its operations that are inherently complex. As such, the oil and gas projects experience overruns of costs that exceeds 100 percent at times, which have created the need for adoption o f new contracting strategies (Schramn, Meibner, Weidinger, 2009). The risks in most cases are contractually distributed and shared among the energy project stakeholders instead of leaving it to the owner. Some of the risksRead MoreThe Oil And Gas Industry1070 Words   |  5 PagesStarting my petroleum engineering degree, the oil and gas industry was doing very well at the time.The price of oil was around a hundred dollars per barrel, new independent companies were frequently being created, and the employment rate after graduating with a petroleum engineering degree was close to one hundred percent.However, the outlook of the industry has drastically changed while being in school.The price of oil is now hovering around thirty dollars per barrel and many companies are now havingRead MoreThe Oil And Gas Industry2120 Words   |  9 Pages The oil and gas industry happens to be the largest industry in the world as it is the singular point of growth for a civilisation. Its importance lies in the fact that it is a fundamental aspect involving every individual’s lives from petrochemical products to transportation, heating and electricity fuels. Edwin Drake in Titusville, Pennsylvania drilled the very first oil well during 1859 and it paved the way to the beginning of the oil industry in America. While Edwin Drake focused on drillingRead MoreIfrs And Oil And Gas Industry985 Words   |  4 PagesTracy SzeWai Yim Professor. Karen (Jingrong) Lin Advanced Financial Accounting - Sec 061 June 20, 2016 GAAP vs IFRS in Oil and Gas Industry (Exxon Mobil vs Royal Dutch Shell) Oil and Gas industry is not a stranger in the international market since everyone around the world has a certain level of demand on Oil and Gas. Therefore, different oil and gas companies are founded across the world and a lot of them have gone global. Becoming global has enlarged the companies’ revenue but also complicatedRead MoreIndustry Analysis : The Oil And Gas Industry976 Words   |  4 PagesIndustry Analysis: The oil and gas industry is expansive and rather complex industry consisting of oil, fossil fuels, natural gas, oil and green energy sources. Combined the above sources make-up 32% of total energy consumed worldwide. Three sectors define the value chain of the oil industry; Upstream – which is the process of exploration and extracting the natural resource, control storage and entail refinement process. Midstream – consisting of distribution by pipelines and large quantity shipments

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Process of Communication - 848 Words

I have often foundt aht focusing on the process of communication rather than on all the minutia of effective communication may likely help one become a better communicator without the needless haranguing that sometimes accompany those who feel that they fail. Lets consider the process of communication: What you have is the incoming message, the conveyance message to recipient - and the recipient. Both people, recipient and receiver, decode and encode and then again encode and decode the message through their respective brains., each persons brain has been formed by his or her experiences and biological makeup. In other words,each person infuses different meanings particular meaning in the message when he places it together,a nd when he decodes it, understands it in his particular way. The persons encoding effects to not only the way that he articulates his words or the words that he/s he uses but also the mannerism that accompany it. Hispanics, for instance, may use more touch to den ote attention and closeness. At the same time, Hispanics tend to be more formal to older people than Americans are using a lot of formal terms that many Americans mistakenly conclude to be subservient. A persons cultural patterns vocabulary, tone, terms, as well as mannerisms, accompany the message. As the message is conveyed, extraneous elements can effect it too. These extraneous elements attach themselves to the message adding a certain nuance and tone. Characteristics, forShow MoreRelatedCommunication Process1412 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication can best be summarized as the transmission of a message from a sender to a receiver in an understandable manner. The importance of effective communication is immeasurable in the world of business and in personal life. From a business perspective, effective communication is an absolute must, because it commonly accounts for the difference between success and failure or profit and loss. It has become clear that effective business commun ication is critical to the successful operation ofRead MoreInterpersonal Communication And The Communication Process Essay2107 Words   |  9 Pagesconducted interpersonal communication process research, they have utilized social psychological concepts as the points of reference. Speculations pertinent to such areas as individual perception, social exchanges, and interpersonal balance have much of the time been utilized as systems from which to infer testable theories about the process of interpersonal communication. While without a doubt Newcomb s balance plan and researches on the acquaintance procedure do incorporate communication-relevant ideasRead MoreCommunication Process Essay1486 Words   |  6 PagesThe Communication Process BCOM/275 Communication is a critical action that is done in a variety of ways across different cultures and settings. It is done at school, work, home and the grocery store. It can be done face-to-face or through technology with one person or multiple people. However, communication can be a challenging concept; have you ever left a conversation knowing that you forgot to mention a particular detail? Following the steps outlined below will lead you to a better communicationRead MoreEssay The Communication Process693 Words   |  3 PagesThe Communication Process The communication process is used in every kind of relationship. It could be in a friendship, an acquaintance, a significant other, a family, and many more. I found out these processes can be harder than you think three years ago. My father got remarried and I was forced to become up close and personal with complete strangers, my step family. The communication process language in my step family describes the concepts and ideas of the transactional communication modelRead MoreThe Process of Communication Essay546 Words   |  3 Pages The Communication Process: Communication is a process where we share our feelings, ideas, thoughts, suggestion, experience, feedback, opinions, etc. It’s a dialogue in which the sharing of meaningful information are constantly coming in and going out between two or more people in order to reach an understanding. The communication process is on going activity that consists of 3 essential models, Communication as Action, Transaction Interaction. Communication as Action relatesRead MoreEmail Communication Process1104 Words   |  5 PagesE-mail and the Basic Communication Model Tracey Miller COMM/470 January 12, 2010 Steve Trask As noted in Appendix A-A basic communication model, â€Å"the basic communications model is the starting point for analyzing the communications process in terms of the intent of the sender, the needs of the receiver, and the elements of the communications environment† (University of Phoenix, 2009, para. 1). In today’s business one of the most common and widely used forms of communication is e-mail. E-mail sentRead MoreThe Components Of The Communication Process1612 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Communication is extremely important to the success of an organization. The communication process identifies ways to exchange information, plans, ideas and reports. In a business place communication is how employees receive tasks and job expectations through management. This research study outlines the components of the communication process. The findings in this context will also explain the different types of communication. Verbal, written, nonverbal and visual communication is examinedRead MoreCommunication- A Systematic Process712 Words   |  3 Pagesgeneral, communication is a systematic process to create and to interpret the meaning. The process is involved how sender and receiver encode and decode the message. According to Griffin (2012), 38% of communication is based on use of the voice, 55% is a non-verbal communication and only about 7% of communication is related to the emotional meaning of message. Communication neutrally happened in daily lives from the moment of wake up in the morning until sleep at night, which is the process of theRead MoreThe Process Of Interpersonal Communication994 Words   |  4 Pagesprovisionalism. According to Interplay, the Process of Interpersonal Communication provisionalism means â€Å"a supportive style of communication in which a sender expresses open-mindness to others ideas and opinions† (G-9). Open-mindness as is willingness to consider new ideas. I think provisionalism means to create a positive conversation that will not turn off the other party and encourages an open mind. Gibb notes in Interplay, the Process of Interpersonal Communication that â€Å"provisionalism surfaces throughRead MoreThe Human Process Of Communication1534 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The human process of communication may reveal cognitive interpretations pertaining to a wide variety of perceptions developed by personal judgment and experiences created by one s unique cultural blueprint. Thus, the chosen receiver may decode a different meaning from the message intended. To create a more intricate element to the aspect of intercommunication, relationships must be navigated carefully. The relationships between coworkers, friends, family, relatives and the world at large

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Applied Business Research and Ethics Busines Decisions

Question: Describe about the Applied Business Research and Ethics for Busines Decisions. Answer: 1: There is no ethical theory that is perfect, however, the ethical theories are highly effective in assisting the individuals to make ethical decisions. The individuals are able to make significant decisions with the help of the ethical theories. The theories help the managers to think clearly about the ethical problems in the business. As per the ethical theories most of the individuals and especially the leaders of the organisations considers that there are certain ethical obligations ahead of the self-interest. Considers decisions based on the ethical theories help the individual to establish healthy relationship with the employees and other members around and thereby retain the potential employees in the organisation (Mulgan 2014). A positive work environment can be created effectively with the help of the ethical theories. Moreover, in an organisation there occur a number of legal theories that can be avoided with the help of the effective decision-making and ethical theories. The deontological theory or the non-consequential theory is a theory that focuses on the relationship between the duty and the morality of the human activity. An action is considered to be good in terms of the morality in the deontological ethics. As per the theory, there are certain actions that are morally obligatory despite the consequences it has on the welfare of the human. The deontological ethics is contrasted to the virtue ethics, pragmatic ethics and the consequentialism. The deontological theory is a two centres theory where the first is the agent-centred and the second is the patient-centred. The deontological theory helps the individual to remain consistent since the individual are able to perform the activities in the same way every time they satisfy their obligations. The theory further help the individual to identify the act that is usefuland does not require moral to be done. 2: As opined by Weiss (2014), utilitarianism can be termed as the theory in the normative ethics suggesting that the organisation is able to maximize their utility by holding the best moral ethics. The implementation of utilitarianism in the organisation helps the managers of the organisation to promote a happier working environment. The theory help the managers to make decisions for the organisation based on appropriate thinking and consideration of the impact that the actions might have. Moreover, when the decisions are made with a utilitarian view, the decisions become important for the managers. Thus, the activities carried out based on utilitarianism helps to affect the others in the surrounding in a positive way. The managers of the organisation faces situation where making choices or decision becomes difficult. Theutilitarianism in decision-making reduces the chances of domination of the decisions by the emotion and the desires. However, on the contradictory Shaw and Barry (2015) stated that the future cannot be predicted which reduces the effectiveness of the model. If the actions of the organisation is judged based on the future outcome, then the managers of the organisation has no perfect option to make judgement. The ideals behind utilitarianism fades away as the perfect consequences of the activities cannot be determined. There are certain situations in the organisation, where the managers of the organisation need to make quick decision. In such a situation, use of the utilitarianism is nearly impossible. Since the utilitarianism, approach requires huge time to make calculation in determining the effect and the ways, in which the individuals are affected, the correct decision is often lost during the process of calculation (Jacksonand Smith 2016). 3: There are various theories that are used in the organisation by the managers in order to make decisions in the organisation. Nevertheless,many theorists suggest that the deontological theories (non-consequential theories) are more effective than the utilitarianism approach. The features of the deontological theories are more important than the utilitarianism approach. The deontological theories are more useful as it keeps pace with the scripture, the natural moral law and the intuitions from the perception of the common sense. The deontological ethics states that the duty needs to be done for the sake of the duty. The theory further states that the managers or others should treat the human as intrinsic moral value (Thomas 2015). In addition to this, the deontological theories are applicable to every individual who are in the similar situation. Hartman, DesJardins and MacDonald (2014) mentioned that the implementation of the deontological theories help the managers of the organisation to make clear and better decisions for the organisation that supports the effective and efficient business of the organisation. The utilitarianism approach on the other hand has negative complications and is very subjective. Therefore, the managers are unable to determine the area where the line can be drawn. Furthermore, the implementation and the use of the theory is time consuming and difficult. It needs to e implemented properly so that the effective outcome is achieved. According to Immanuel Kant, the individuals need to act from Deon or duty in order to make the acct morally correct. Banks (2012) also mentions that there are certain acts or activities that are either correct or are incorrect. This does not depend on the intentions working behind the act or the after effects of the act. However, from the overall study it can be stated tha t the application of the deontological ethics depends upon the situation faced by the managers. 4: There is a huge controversy over the fact that the corporation can become a moral agent. Many authors have depicted their views supporting as well as contradicting the statement. According to DesJardinsand McCall (2014), if a corporation is enjoying certain rights that it should have enjoyed naturally, it is necessary for the corporation to undertake certain extra responsibilities. The extra responsibility helps the organisation to build customer and employee loyalty as the individuals are able to observe that the organisation cares about their employees and the stakeholders and carries out responsibility (Pozgar 2014). The corporations are considered as entity from a legal perception while there are few ethicists who argue that the corporations are moral agents. Being considered as moral agents, the corporations have certain responsibility towards the society and the company. The company takes up this responsibility in form of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The CSR he lps the company to achieve the organisational goals as the CSR addresses the social values of the company that are required to be accomplished towards the society. It is unethical for the organisation to simply enjoy the rights and not performing the responsibility that the organisation is supposed to. As rights and responsibility goes hand in hand, it is important for the company to take up responsibilities if they are enjoying extra rights. Therefore, the non-human entity or the corporation need to take up responsibilities even in order to follow the ethics of the company. 5: In the modern era, the responsibility of the business has increased largely due to the increased dependency of the consumers on the business. The companies thus need to be more responsible regarding the safety of the products offered to the customers. It is the right of the customers to obtain goods and services that are safe for consumption. There are various rules and regulations concerning the safety of the product. However, Rickset al. (2015) opined that the market needs more regulations and legislations regarding food safety that will help to ensure that the consumers achieves safe products for the given price. In case when the consumer fall victim of fraud by purchasing any goods or services where the seller fails to keep the promise of providing safe products, the consumer suffers a huge loss. The loss of the consumer is equal to the price paid for the product as well as the incidental expenses. The rules and the regulations protect the consumers by filling a complaint against the seller that will help the consumer to claim back the loss (Gaskelland Bauer 2013). The stronger the rules and the regulation, the more is the chances of avoiding the consumer exploitation. The sellers try to provide safe quality goods and services in order to avoid paying penalties and incurring extra loses. The increased regulation regarding the safety of the products is beneficial for the consumers as it ensures that the risk of consumer exploitation is low. However, the increased regulation affects the organisations significantly. The stakeholders of the organisation show minimal interest in investing in the organisation, as the profit earned is low (Broadhead 2015). The company is bears higher operational cost in order to maintain the product quality and the safety of the products. The companies thus experience a downfall in the productivity, which can be considered as an adverse impact of the increased regulation. Therefore, from the viewpoint of organisations, the alternative of the industry self-regulation is preferred more. 6: The world today has become more advanced as the individual have higher opportunities to use the available technologies. The customers nowadays have a number of tools and techniques that help them to obtain valuable information about the products and the services that help them to make the appropriate choices for purchasing the products (Wheeler and Bertram 2015). The customers today are able to achieve information about the products with the equipments such as social media, internet, knowledge and education skills (Sladeand Prinsloo 2013). These equipment help the consumer to understand the products in a better way. The consumers are able to achieve information on the product value and the thereby compare similar products offered by the different companies. This supports the customers to analyse which product is better and purchase accordingly. in the society and in the market there are a group of who are not capable of using the equipment to judge the efficiency of the products offered and therefore, these groups of consumers are also unable to make appropriate decisions regarding purchasing the appropriate product. This group of the societies include the individuals with no opportunity to access the internet, the illiterate or the ones with low education are unable to understand the differences in the product quality and further have negligible knowledge about the consumer rights. Moreover, the disable individuals also fall under this category and are often unable to make the correct decision while purchasing goods and services. Since, the society is made up of both the types of individuals where one group is able to implement the equipment in order to make appropriate decisions while the other group is incapable of accessing the equipment, there needs to be ethical obligation for the situation. The company needs to be implement rules and regulations that help to address the issues of the society. The ethical obligations for the companies include not harming anyone in the business including the consumers. The businesses further needs to give way to the customers for what they pay. The company needs to ensure that the individuals are not deceived for what they purchase. No false promotion of the products should be encouraged by the firm. 7: Social Medias such as Facebook is highly used by the individuals in order to share information with the other individuals. When the individuals especially the employees of the organisation share the information on the social media, the information about the product or the company is circulated and a huge number of individuals are able to achieve the information. However, sometimes the companies face issues due to the action of the employees on the social media. If the information delivered by the employees of the organisation on the social media harms the individual as well as the company, the employer is able to monitor the employees in order to understand the behaviour of the employees to ensure whether the individual is reliable and hard working or not. Employee monitoring has become necessary in every organisation in order to increase the productivity of the organisation. However, there occurs complexity and increased use of technology that gives rise to controversial issue in the organisation. There arises the question of private information and public spaces while carrying out employee monitoring in the organisation. There arise moral issues regarding this as the sentiments of the employees might get hurt and thereby decreasing their productivity. The employee monitoring is acceptable in moral terms until and unless the monitoring of the behaviour is restricted only up to business matters. Moreover, the emotions of the employees should not be hurt in the process of monitoring and they cannot be disrespected either. Sheldon and Wallace (2015) argued that the social networking sites of the employees being should not be monitored as it is against the ethics of the company. The employee monitoring is thus referred as an ethical issue as the introduction and availability of the new technologies to both the employee and the employer can be misused or abused. 8: In the case where the host country of a particular company has lower standard than that of the home country, the company is still obliged to follow the safety guidelines. The moral clarity often fades when the organisation starts operating in a foreign base rather than its home country. It is crucial for the organisation to rethink the assumptions made based on the foreign settings. Beltramini (2015) mentioned that it often happens that the policies that work well in the home country might fail in the foreign country due to the variations in the standard of ethical codes. Every employee working in an organisation deserves being safe in the organisation and being respected even though the standard of the host country is lower than that of the home country. There is a distinct difference between the moral obligations and law in an organisation. The law is enforced by the state where as the moral obligations are set and enforced by the organisation itself. The moral obligation is concerned with the internal and the external matters of the organisation while on the other hand the law deals only with the external matters of the individual (Uhlmann, Pizarroand Diermeier 2015). In addition to this the laws are certain and universal and is accepted globally while the moral obligations are uncertain. The corporate social responsibility is made up of four obligations. The economic responsibility to make money is a version of the business that represents human survival instincts. Without this, there is no business or business ethics present. The legal responsibility of the CSR needs to be considered as a proactive duty (Waycottet al. 2015). The philanthropic responsibility is one of the obligation that is used for conducting social projects by the organisation. Thus, the CSR practices help the organisation to follow the safety guidelines in the organisation both in home as well as in host country. 9: In a workplace the employees of the organisation has certain rights as well as duties. Among the various rights, one of the rights enjoyed by the employees is the right to speech. This right is useful in creating a better environment for the workplace as the employees are able to discuss and put forward their opinions that might benefit the organisation. However, placing certain limits against the right for free speech in the organisation is necessary. In the opinion of Barrow (2015), the employees of any organisation do not have the constitutional right to free speech and expression in the workplace. In every workplace there exist certain ethics based on which the organisation operates. Therefore, the right to free speech sometimes allows the employees to go beyond the ethics and thereby take up actions without the fear of reprisal. The right further allows expressing violence and hatred towards the other employees. According to Scarpi (2012), no rights are absolute and therefore needs to be limited by respect for others. Moreover, too much freedom speech leads to atrocities and creates hate speech. The hate speech causes psychological harm and verbal abuse in the organisation results in unbearable environment in the workplace. The ethical laws and the union of the organisation are able to both fight and protect the employees from being abused (Averill 2013). It is mandatory for the organisation to treat the employees with respect irrespective of the fact whether the law requires it or not. It is necessary for the employees to undertake decisions that have moral implications. Therefore, the presence of right to free speech along with limitations is needed in the organisation in order to provide a safe and healthy working environment for the employees (Murphy 2013). 10: In order to ensure that the research study is conducted ethically it is important for the researcher to implement certain steps in the study. It is necessary or the researcher to discuss the intellectual property frankly. The APAs Ethic Code states that when the researcher and the students use the publication credit as a tool, it helps them to discuss and evaluate the contributions continuously as the research work progresses. The researcher further needs to be aware of the multiple roles and needs to avoid relationships that are capable of degrading the performance level of the research work (Hafford-Letchfield 2013). The researcher is not supposed to exploit or harm other while conducting the research. The informed-consent rules are to be followed as it helps to ensure that the individuals have participated in the research work voluntarily and had a complete knowledge of the risk and benefits incurred in the research. The confidentiality and the privacy are to be respected by i mplementing practical security measures, the limits of the internet are to be understood and considerations are to be made regarding the sharing of data before starting the research. While conducting the researcher work, there is often consideration of surveys in order to achieve fruitful results. In such research work, the researchers need to abide by the various ethics and laws such as the Data Protection Act 1998 (Johnston 2016). The researcher has to carry out the research in such a manner that the emotion of the respondents is not hurt. Moreover, the researcher obtains the information and the data for the research work in an ethical way. The personal information of the respondents is kept private in order to avoid misusing of the personal information. Thus, these ethical components are very essential while conducting the research. Failure to abide by the ethics of the research work might lead to cancellation of the complete research work. References Averill, L. 2013. Book review: Gavin Bissell Organisational Behaviour for Social Work.Critical Social Policy,33(3), 577-578. Banks, S. (2012).Ethical issues in youth work. Routledge. Barrow, R. 2015.Utilitarianism: A contemporary statement. Routledge. Beltramini, R. F. 2015. What Do Students Think of Business Ethics? Three Decades of Research.Persuasion Ethics Today, 280. Broadhead, R. 2015. Professional, Legal and Ethical Issues in Prescribing Practice.The Textbook of Non-Medical Prescribing, 35. DesJardins, J. R., and McCall, J. J. 2014.Contemporary issues in business ethics. Cengage Learning. Gaskell, G., and Bauer, M. W. (Eds.). 2013.Genomics and Society:" Legal, Ethical and Social Dimensions". Routledge. Hafford-Letchfield, T. 2013. Organisational Behaviour for Social Work.British Journal of Social Work,43(1), 192-194. Hartman, L. P., DesJardins, J. R., and MacDonald, C. 2014.Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity and social responsibility. McGraw-Hill. Jackson, F., and Smith, M. 2016. The Implementation Problem for Deontology.Weighing Reasons, 279. Johnston, C. 2016. The relationship between legal and ethical issues. Mulgan, T. 2014.Understanding utilitarianism. Routledge. Murphy, B. 2013. Organisational Behaviour for Social Work.Practice,25(2), 143-145. Pozgar, G. D. 2014.Legal and ethical issues for health professionals. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Ricks, D. A., Van Deusen, C., Mueller, C. B., Schlegelmilch, B. B., and Tancer, R. 2015. Continuing Controversies and Ethical Issues in Global Marketing Management. InProceedings of the 1997 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 171-171). Springer International Publishing. Scarpi, D. 2012. Work and fun on the internet: the effects of utilitarianism and hedonism online.Journal of Interactive Marketing,26(1), 53-67. Shaw, W. H., and Barry, V. 2015.Moral issues in business. Cengage Learning. Sheldon, N., and Wallace, M. 2015. Business Research Ethics: Participant Observer Perspectives. Slade, S., and Prinsloo, P. 2013. Learning analytics ethical issues and dilemmas.American Behavioral Scientist,57(10), 1510-1529. Thomas, A. J. 2015. Deontology, Consequentialism and Moral Realism.MinervaAn Open Access Journal of Philosophy,19. Uhlmann, E. L., Pizarro, D. A., and Diermeier, D. 2015. A person-centered approach to moral judgment.Perspectives on Psychological Science,10(1), 72-81. Waycott, J., Guillemin, M., Warr, D. J., Cox, S., Drew, S., and Howell, C. 2015. Re/formulating Ethical Issues for Visual Research Methods.Visual Methodologies,3(2), 4-15. Weiss, J. W. 2014.Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Wheeler, A. M., and Bertram, B. 2015.The counselor and the law: A guide to legal and ethical practice. John Wiley and Sons.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Strict Parenting free essay sample

Good evening ladies and gentlemen and welcome to the annual parenting conference. As a psychologist for 25 years, I have witnessed many cases concerning teenagers and there misbehaviors. In relevance to the recent debate, on whether parents should exercise more controls on their children has caught my full attention. Teenagers in modern society are losing their sense of respect and parents are needed to guide them to make the correct choices. As I speak, relationships between children and parents are starting fall. Although this may result in lack of freedom, since when was it being suggested that we should take their individuality away from them? I feel it is time that parents should take more control over their children’s lives. The definition of being social used to be playing a game of basketball, or going for a bike ride with some friends. However in modern society, sitting in front of a television for hours and playing games such as ‘Call of Duty’, is the new definition of being social. We will write a custom essay sample on Strict Parenting or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Apparently average Australian teenagers under the age of 18 now spend 25 hours a week gazing at a television or video screen; this alarming statistic has been caused by a decreased amount of outdoor social activities. Who’s job? The parents of course. Methods such as, not initially buying a video game for the kids to play, or simply forcing the children to go out and participate in socially active activities, can reduce this horrifying statistic. These days, due to a lack of parental control, the relationships between children and their parents are declining. When we used to be children, technology available now did not exist back then, first thing we did when we came back home was have hour long conversations with our parents and do some chores around the house. Parents ask yourself, what does your child do when they come home? From my experience as a psychologist, they most likely dump their bags on the ground, run into their room and logon to social networking websites such as Facebook. Where is the respect? How are you being appreciated with the resources that you are providing them with? Simplistic approaches like, removing the computer or laptop away from their room, and overall exerting more control, can result in a better relation. Although an increase of parental control could result in a suppression of individuality, it is not being asked that you should give no freedom at all, but to limit it to a certain extent instead. By limiting the freedom of a child, does not mean anything like, no more Facebook or eradicating there right to do what they want or play a video game, but instead creating a boundary. Furthermore, the result of this method will not lead to any negative effects as my studies have reached the conclusion that setting guidelines will have a positive outcome. Ladies and gentlemen, the proposal to stress more control over children’s lives should go on ahead. Such a consideration can result in a more socially active child, meaning participating in outdoor activities. Also more control could lead to a better relationship between your child and yourself. Don’t get me wrong, I’m not asking to completely suppress their individuality, and removing there freedom, but instead to put a limit to what they have right now. I hope this speech has altered your thinking a little bit, and I would like to thank-you for listening to my opinion. Thank You Yash Pubby

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

George W. Bush Essays - Bush Family, Livingston Family,

George W. Bush 03-16-00 George W. Bush If I had to choose a candidate based on, background, position on issues, and intangibles I think it would be George W. Bush. I would choose George W. Bush because he supports some issues that Im interested in and he seems like the kind of guy who will do a good job. I think that with George W. Bush as president, the United States will become a better place for everyone. In this essay I will discuss why I think he would be a good president based on issues, background and his intangibles. I also support George W. Bush because he has a good background. Not only was he involved in politics, but he is has also been involved in business. This is a well educated well experienced man. Here is some background information on George W. Bush that shows some of the things that he has done to this day, he was born July 6, 1946 and grew up in Midland and Houston, Texas. He received a bachelors degree from Yale University and an MBA from Harvard Business School. He served as an F-102 pilot for the Texas Air National Guard. He began his career in the oil and gas business in Midland in 1975 and worked in the energy industry until 1986. After working on his fathers 1988 presidential campaign he assembled the group of partners that purchased the Texas Rangers baseball franchise in 1989 and which later built the Rangers new home, the Ballpark at Arlington. He served as managing general partner of the Texas Rangers until he was elected Governor on November 8, 1994, with 53.5 percent of t he vote. Governor Bush and his wife, Laura, a former teacher and librarian who grew up in Midland, live in the historic Governors Mansion in Austin with their 18 year old twin daughters, Barbara and Jenna, their dog, Spot, and their three cats, India, Cowboy and Ernie. Governor Bush is a Methodist and has served on the boards of various charitable, business and civic organizations. To this day George W. Bush remains as the governor of Texas, and has done many good things for the state of Texas. One of the biggest things that made me notice George W. Bush, was his ideas on taxes. He basically wants to replace the current five rate structure of 15, 28, 31, 36, and 39.6 percent with four, lower rates: 10, 15, 25, and 33 percent. Although some of the other candidates also support a tax cut plan, some of them have ridiculously low rates, Keyes wants to abolish income tax and Buchannon wants to have a flat 16 % rate, lets face it, these are to low and that would not give enough funding for the government, then programs regarding education, health care, and defense would be greatly affected. Then there are other candidates who support tax cuts, but only directed to those who make lower incomes, and that is not fair. So as you can see George W. Bush has a plan that can benefit everyone and it wont have a negative effect on the economy. Another issue that makes me support George W. Bush is his ideas on gun laws. I think that his gun laws would make this country allot safer and it wo uld save allot of lives. George W. Bush basically shares some of the same ideas on some important issues and that is my biggest reason for supporting him. Another thing that is great about George W. Bush is that he has good leadership skills and he does what is good for the people. He is a loving family man that has done so many good things for the state of Texas and I think that he would do a good job at being president. He also seems like a caring man due to all the things he has done for children in Texas, it really looks like he is focusing on the well being of the nations children, and that shows that he is a caring person. Also, he is not negative campaigning, so that shows that he has faith in his ideas and himself. This is the kind of president that I

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Essay on Introduction to Business Ethics

Essay on Introduction to Business Ethics Essay on Introduction to Business Ethics Essay on Introduction to Business EthicsQ1. Responsibilities depend on the role of one person in relation to another person; for example, the responsibilities of a parent are different from the responsibilities of an employee. Therefore, responsibilities of person A to person or entity B can be viewed as a function of the relationship between person A and person B.Q2. The relationship between a person and his/her lawyer or real estate agent is similar to the relationship between an employer and employee in the sense that both employer and the person can be viewed as principals in this relationship while the lawyer/real estate agent and employee act as agents. However, there are notable differences in the level of control of the principal over the terms of employment and nature, in the regime of working, in the level of responsibility and discretion.Q3. The narrow view of employee responsibilities can be defended from the perspective of the roles that employees play in the whole eco nomic system (that override other ethical considerations) and from the perspective of property rights of employers that should be protected. However, such ethical considerations have notable shortcomings as they disregard other responsibilities of employees and might even suppress their rights.Q4. Conflicts of interests emerge when ethical responsibilities emerging from different relationships come into conflict. If the interests and ethical duties fall within the scope of one set of responsibilities, there is no ethical conflict. However, when personal interests influence professional actions, it is a sign of the conflict of interest. Dual roles also represent a conflict of interests since the responsibilities in these roles most often are conflicting.Q5. Trust to someone means that there is confidence with regard to the judgments of this person and it is possible to rely on this person in important decisions. Loyalty can be defined as the willingness to make personal sacrifices in the interest of the firm (DesJardins, 2013). Employees do have a responsibility to be trustworthy, but it is questionable whether they are ethically obliged to be loyal. According to Duska, loyalty in the workplace is not appropriate because loyalty applies to the projects with mutual benefit of parties while employer-employee relationship is a contractual agreement in which the employee receives a compensation for time sold to the employer.Q6. Business is like poker in the sense that both business and poker have particular rules and the participants have to follow these rules. However, business is not like poker in ethical sense since bluffing, lying and deception are acceptable in poker but are unacceptable in business as such actions undermine decision-making and business reputation in the long-term perspective.Q7. According to DeGeorge, whistle-blowing is ethically permissible only when a) there is a significant threat of harm (that can be addressed by whistle-blowing), b) the whistle-blower should first of all use internal channels for reporting the issue, and c) the whistle-blower should exhaust all internal options for preventing the harm before turning to external options (DesJardins, 2013). Furthermore, whistle-blowing is ethically required when a) there is documental evidence of the harm or probability of causing the harm and b) whistle-blower should be confident that whistle-blowing will prevent the harm (DesJardins, 2013).Q8. First of all, insider trading leads to injustice regarding external participants of trade since the information is distributed in an unfair way. Secondly, managers who practice insider trading violate their ethical professional responsibilities related to representing the interests of their clients (investors). In the case of Enrons stock, insiders defrauded investors and shareholders in order to increase own profits and did that at the expense of people whose interests they were representing.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Questions from School Law and the Public School Book Assignment

Questions from School Law and the Public School Book - Assignment Example A state that promotes liberty and free will knows when not to mix state affairs with religion. Separation of church and state is paramount in bringing up a society that respects freedom of religion, and which enables people to tolerate others’ religions. The state therefore must not side with one religion over another, or promote the creeds of one religion over another. Although all religions should be taught in schools, the government should not foster the spread of certain religions over others. Students should be given the freedom to choose which religion to belong to, without their schools indicating support of any religion. In the first situation, allowing the Local Church Association to donate a copy of the Ten Commands to be placed in the hallway would be a plus for students who profess that religion. However, it is discriminatory because it highlights the basic teachings of that religion over other religions. It indicates a preference of that religion, which would not be taken very kindly by students whom it does not represent. Placing the Ten Commands in the hallway of the school symbolizes an endorsement of that religion by the school administration. Additionally, the act may influence students to follow the commands and profess the beliefs of that religion. Therefore, the act violates Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. It fails the three prongs of the Lemon test in that it does not have a secular legislative purpose. Secondly, it has a primary effect of advancing that particular religion. Thirdly, it results in â€Å"excessive government entanglement† in that it displays direct contact with church authorities (Essex, 2011). In the second situation, applying the lemon test would render starting a Bible club in School a violation of the Establishment Clause. This stipulates that the school is not allowed to establish any religious group including a church. Since the religious group in the school would promote particular religious precepts, this implies that the wellbeing of other religions would be compromised. Furthermore, it is worth appreciating that the school program is already established. Arguably, fixing the religious club as one of the options that students have during the club’s period implies that the school administration considers it equally important and would actually give it an opportunity when given a chance. This contravenes the provisions of the lemon principles that prohibit the government from advancing or inhibiting religion. In the third situation, I would give the non denominational a chance to conduct prayers on a rotational issue, just like the previous principal. From the outlook, the school community is appreciative of religion and does not force its members to participate in the prayers. Furthermore, the prayers do not unfairly promote the beliefs, values and practices of a single region. This is consistent with the provisions of the Est ablishment clause that seeks to uphold the respective state of affairs (Essex, 2011). Question 2 Although the school is responsible for providing religious education, it should not promote the religious precepts of any particular religion. In addition, the students should be at liberty to choose which religious principles to support and promote. Relative decisions need to be personal and should not be influenced by the school admini

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Paramedic science degree (Medical) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Paramedic science degree (Medical) - Essay Example Hence, her doctor advised bariatric surgery six months ago. Her initial surgery led to a 5% weight loss within the first two months of the gastric banding surgery. She was encouraged by results and so she requested for the biliopancreatic diversion without duodenal switch. This procedure also helped her lose more weight. Her third request for surgery is being considered by her physician due to dependency concerns. Her physician, as well as the rest of the medical team believes that she has become dependent on bariatric surgeries and they are reluctant to encourage or feed such dependency. When confronted with such concern, she insisted that she has not become dependent on the surgeries and that this was the last surgery she would take to help her lose weight. Despite medical advice, she insists that she needs the gastric stimulation surgery in order to effectively help her lose more weight. Feelings (What was I thinking and feeling?) While caring for the bariatric patient who was bec oming dependent on our services, I felt that we needed to put an end to her dependency. The bariatric surgery during the earliest stages of her diabetes is an effective means of reducing her weight. In a study by Dixon, et.al. (2005, p. 472), the authors were able to establish that bariatric surgery done at the earliest stages of diabetes is very much beneficial to patients because it helps reduce and manage their weight and successively help them achieve better results in their diabetes management. Two bariatric surgeries however, are more than sufficient for the current patient to gradually and safely lose weight; and allowing the third surgery to proceed would also be akin to enabling her dependence. I could sense that her demeanour and attitude about the surgeries were based on the concept that the surgeries can be easily availed of and it was her right to demand said services. I felt that her dependence on bariatric surgeries must be stopped and the services to be offered to he r must be based on her health maintenance – not on more bariatric surgeries. In a study by Kushner (2000, p. 126), the authors emphasized the importance fulfilling the essential caloric intake from the limited food intake allowable after gastric banding. This should be focused on by the patient – not the need for more surgeries. Evaluation (What was good and bad about the experience?) What was good about the experience was that I learned to detect signs of dependence in patients. I was able to assess the patient’s behaviour and attitude about the surgery and to determine whether these symptoms were indicative of dependence. The experience also taught me how to deal with patients and their dependence. Normally, I would have given in to a patient’s requests; and, this experience taught me to how to therapeutically refuse a patient’s requests or demands. Therapeutically refusing a patient is not simply about refusing a patient’s requests, but i t is also about making oneself available to respond to the patient’s emotional needs (Austin, 2010, p. 483). What was bad about the experience was that we had limited options for the patient in terms of psychological or mental health assistance. We knew that she was going through some mental health issues which affected her determination to lose weight. As health professionals, we could have provided more counselling for her in order to ensure that she would be able to deal with the emotional challenges of her obesity and to

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Analisys of demand and supply affecting Shell Oil Coursework

Analisys of demand and supply affecting Shell Oil - Coursework Example The effects of changes in the price and availability of gods and services, which serve as complements to oil have had a great impact on the demand for Shell’s products. A good is as a complement when a rise in its price results to a negative shift in the demand curve for the good of interest. The rise in the maintenance costs has placed tremendous pressure on the demand for oil and affecting the price for the company’s products. The price fall in shares for other industries that heavily rely on oil has had a great impact on demand for oil. The reduced profitability and price wars among companies such as Tesco, J Sainsbury, and Marks Spenser reduces the demand for Shell’s products. Increase in price of engineering tools used in processing and extraction of oil have had a negative impact on the demand for oil (Mason, 2011). Shell can increase the price for its products and services to cover higher overhead costs. A substitute good or service is as a substitute when an increase in its price results into a positive shift in the demand for good or service of interest (Cherunilam, 2007). The increase in the availability of alternative fuel sources such as solar energy has a negative impact on the demand for oil. ... The demand for Shell’s products is price sensitive (elastic) since a reduction in the price for Shell petrol will automatically result into an increase in demand. In the case of Shell’s products and services, the percentage change in demand is greater than the change in price. The effects of 2008 economic crisis have had negative impacts on the available income to most people in the UK and the rest of the world. This results into decreased availability of disposable income thereby lowering the demand for products and services (Kotler, 2006). An increase in the level of income can result in increased demand for Shell’s products as people start spending more on luxuries such as travelling longer distances using private cars. This will result into increased demand for fuel. Changes in the company’s operations can have remarkable impacts on the supply curve. The increase in cost of oil extraction due to the effects of economic recession is likely to lead to a shift in Shell’s supply curve. The cost of the refinery is a vital factor that causes a shift in the supply curve. The high cost of production has resulted into less supply and consequently fewer profits (Tanne & Raymond, 2010). The increase in the number of the company’s own retail outlets is playing a major role in increasing the company’s global presence. This results into positive shift in the supply curve. Market failures and imperfections An externality is an impact resulting because of an economic activity that affects unrelated third parties (Maidment, 2002). An example of an externality is the recent Shell’s oil spill in Niger Delta, which affected the surrounding environment and affected the health and economic life of the nearby residents. An externality can

Friday, November 15, 2019

Post-operative Psychological Adjustment to Stoma

Post-operative Psychological Adjustment to Stoma The essay is based on a patient who had surgery to have an ileostomy formed. This essay will attempt to define support and identify what the patients specific support needs may be within the context of the patients post-operative psychological adjustment to her new stoma with special focus on the issue of flatus and odour on the patients recovery. Black (2001) states that for the patient with a newly formed stoma, thoughts of talking to others, eating, working, sleeping or making love while bowel motion and flatus fill the appliance is horrific. A literature review will identify the most recommended suggestions for support of the person anxious about odour and flatus and the information will be considered within the context of the support that was given to Jane*. In accordance with the Nursing Midwifery Council Code of Professional Conduct (2008), the name and any identifying details of my patient on which this study is based will be withheld. Jane* is a 44 years old mother of three, including 16 years old Adam* who lives with her at home. Jane is in a long term relationship with Peter* and they have been planning to move in together. She is a teacher of Economics in the local secondary school. Jane was diagnosed with Ulcerative colitis about 18 years ago. Ulcerative colitis is a disease that causes inflammation of the large intestine or colon (Colitis UK, 2008). This is the last meter or so of the intestine closest to the anus. Symptoms are vary in severity from pain and discomfort, through mucous in the stools is in the most severe cases blood in the stools. It is generally diagnosed by inspection of the colon by the procedure colonoscopy by uses an endoscope. Porrett and McGrath (2005) suggest, ileostomies are formed to treat conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, diverticular disease, carcinoma of the bladder, carcinoma of the bowel, traumatic injury to the abdominal area, and inadequate blood flow to the bowel, incontinence and obstruction. An ileostomy is a surgically created abdominal opening from the terminal small intestine (ileum), made because the entire colon has been removed or must be bypassed. An ileostomy stoma is usually on the lower-right abdomen. Its output has passed through all or most of the small intestine, but none of the large intestine; consistency of this output may vary from very liquid to a semi-solid paste (Porrett and McGrath, 2005). Simmons K et al (2007) state that more than 13,000 patients have stoma surgery yearly in the United Kingdom and reports psychological and social dysfunction in patients whose surgery end with stoma. Patients undergoing stoma surgery face a number of stress related circumstances leading to threats to body integrity, alerted body image, loss of autonomy, and loss of function and control (Williams, 2005). Annells (2006), suggests that fear of rejection by friends and family as well as being ostracized by society is constant for this group of patients and that support, guidance and information can assist them in adapting to their new way of life. Patients were reported to have feelings of loneliness, low self-esteem, thoughts of suicide and depression are higher in stoma patients compared with patients without a stoma (Norton, 2004). Patients who have had ileostomies, often have a distorted body image which has a knock on impact on the patients’ physical integrity and self-concept (Black and Hyde, 2004). When I was talking to Jane, before and after surgery, one of her major anxieties was flatus and odour – common concern for those with a new established stoma is flatus and odour which can result in psychological distress, stigma and embarrassment (Annells, 2006). She was also anxious about how Peter would react to the stoma and whether he would still find her beautiful and attractive. But mostly, she was concerned that people would smell her and she was worried, that she would be unable to control her flatus and being stigmatized by Peter and people who found out that she had stoma. Coping with stigma involves a variety of strategies, and Jane was at the stage where she was deciding whether to disclose the condition and suffer further stigma or attempt to conceal the condition or aspects of the condition and pass for normal (Joachim and Acorn, 2000), but felt certain that there was no way she could conceal the odour or the involuntary flatus. Flatus and odour that cannot be co ntrolled by the individual for medical reasons affect how these individuals feel about their bodies (Black, 2001). A stoma does not have a sphincter muscle; and so persons with stomas are unable to control the elimination of faeces or flatus via the stoma (Breckman, 2005). Rozmovits and Ziebland (2004), in a compilation of narratives from new stoma patients cited many as expressing difficulties in returning to work following surgery due to the â€Å"uncontrollable and unpredictable bowel movements and foul-smelling gas†. Simmons K et al (2007) state social aspect has a major impact on patients. A background study reported a decrease in social and leisure activities, increase in marital problems and less contact with relatives and friends. Mosby (2006), defines support as â€Å"to sustain, hold up, or maintain in a desired position or condition, as in physically supporting the abdominal muscles with a binder or emotionally supporting a client under stress†. There are several definitions for support. The Cambridge Advanced, Learners Dictionary (2008), define support as â€Å"to encourage someone because you want them to succeed†, â€Å"to help someone emotionally or practically†, or â€Å"a group of people who provide emotional and practical help to someone in serious difficulty†. Gale (2001) tells us social support consist of friends, family members, co-workers who provide assistance to the individual in need. Support found from friends, family and co-workers has a beneficial effect on physical and psychological well-being. Jane has had counselling from the stoma care nurse and assessed before surgery. Janes partner, Peter was not included initially in her pre-operative period as she did not wish to have him there. Peter was aware about the operation but she had not told many of her family and friends. Myers (1996) state psychological preparation and counselling of patients in the pre-operative period is of great importance. Myers (1996) further states the stoma nurse together with the patients partners and other health professionals help to rehabilitate the patient. The nurse and healthcare professionals must look at the patient and the patients needs holistically to include all aspects: physical, emotional, mental, social and economical. Faulkner and Davies (2005) state, that there is a range of definitions of the concept of support. It implies it is the exchange of resources between at least two people, intending to enhance the well-being of the person receiving. Faulkner and Davies (2005) illustrate the four broad support mechanisms they are emotional, informational, appraisal and instrumental support. Emotional support is about improving self-esteem, encouraging the person and aiming to have a feeling of belonging, accepted, loved and needed. Informational support provides information for individuals which enables them to be involved in dealing with their problems and problem solving. It can involve suggestions of where they can acquire further advice. Instrumental support involves tangible resources to remove, or significantly reduce, the stressful situation experienced by an individual. This also may include the provision of financial aid or services. Appraisal support helps the person to evaluate the impact of their circumstance, and level the threat posed by the stressful event or availability of personal coping resources. Post-operatively, Jane required all the identified types of support in dealing with her anxiety about her flatus and odour. Sirota (2006) states that support is important at all levels of care of the stoma patient and is especially critical in the early postoperative stages following stoma surgery when patients are experiencing grief reactions to loss. Emotionally, the support had already begun with the pre-operative chats that involved not only Jane, but her partner, Peter as well. The nurse, in offering support to the patient following a stoma formation must be conscious of the fact that even though the patient is extremely self-conscious about odours related to the newly-formed stoma, odours from the stoma should never be smelled by anyone but the patient (Williams, 2005). Emotional support to Jane was provided by developing a rapport with her which helped to alleviate her anxiety and embarrassment by putting the issue of flatulence and odour into context and teaching the patient techniques that could help control the issues e.g. deodorants, diets (Williams, 2005). Informational support was given to Jane about the types of food that will reduce odours and flatulence. Information such as which foods and fluids will produce flatus and which are likely to cause odour; how to manage a noticeable bulge created by flatus and how to remove flatus from appliance without causing unnecessary embarrassment in terms of odour or spillage are crucial to developing the patients confidence in managing his/her stoma (Breckman, 2005). In addition, leaflets obtained from the Ileostomy Internal Pouch Support Group gave a list of foods that increase and decrease flatulence and faecal odour as well as hints on reducing flatus. Instrumental support for Jane took the form of the deodorants that were provided to her to deal with the odours from her stoma. Cottam and Porrett (2005) recommend that in instances where odour is a problem, such as when changing the appliance, deodorants can be used to mask faecal odours and these are available in atomizers, drops or powders that can be sprayed into the atmosphere or placed inside the appliance. Jane was given the opportunity to try different samples of different fragrances by the stoma care nurse and then advised how she could order them in the future. She was also able to examine the different costs so that she could order deodorants that suited her budgets. She also advised to use the silicon-based adhesive remover which was proven to be gentler on the skin (Cutting, 2006). The final aspect of support that was provided to Jane in alleviating her anxiety about flatus and odour was appraisal support. Any disruption to the workings of the persons body is bound to cause concern and in Western society the pressures placed on us by media and peers mean that the patient that has to live with a stoma has to live with a stigma and all the anxieties associated with this (Williams, 2005). With the informational, emotional and instrumental support that was given to Jane, the rest of support needed by her can only be identified and accessed by her. Support groups and their contact details were provided to Jane, so that she can access a group or forum, if she determined that she needed further support of more specific, or even generic, type. The success of Janes adjustment will now be dependent on her own coping strategies and her own support networks (Williams, 2005). Salter (1997) stated that the support a nurse needs to give the patient with newly formed stoma is emotional, informational and practical. Jane received all of the above during her immediate post-operative period. Price (1993) says that how Jane copes now will be affected by the opinions and attitudes of the people with whom she has close relationships. Informational and appraisal support will continue via support group and forums and emotional support will come from family and friends. In the end, Jane will increase her self-confidence and become more independent with dealing with her stoma and stoma care. But in the end, as with everyone, even those without a stoma, support of all kinds will always be needed in some degree, form or fashion.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Alexander Popes Essay on Man -- Alexander Popes Essay on Man

Alexander Pope's Essay on Man - Man is Never Satisfied Alexander Pope's Essay on Man is a philosophical poem, written, characteristically in heroic couplet. It is an attempt to justify and vindicate the ways of God to man. It’s also a warning that man himself is not as in his pride, he seems to believe the center of all things. Eventhough not truly Christian, the essay makes implicit assumption that man has fallen and that he must seek his own salvation. Pope sets out to demonstrate that no matter how imperfect complex and disturbingly full evil the universe may appear to be, it does function in a rational fashion, according to natural laws and is in fact considered as a whole perfect work of God. It appears unsatisfy to us only because our perceptions are limited by...

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Child Sexual Abuse

Child sexual abuse has gained major public attention in the past few decades. Various factors in the recent years have generated a public reaction regarding child sexual abuse, which has become one of the most high-profile crimes. â€Å"At Sifers' jury trial, 14-year-old S. T. testified about Sifers having raped her five years earlier. S. T. described Sifers' disposition the night of the alleged rape as â€Å"upset . . . like he'd been drinking. † RP Vol. I at 24. She recalled Sifers following her into her bedroom, closing the door, and pushing her down on the bed. Sifers then pulled down her pajamas and pushed his penis inside her vagina. Afterwards, he said if she told anybody, he would hurt her, her younger siblings, and her mother. † (State of Washington v. Charles Wayne Sifers) Child sexual abuse — an unwanted, yet common, catch-22 issue that is worldwide and has been for centuries. Each year, well over 300,000 children become victims of this heinous crime against humanity. Child sexual abuse is described as any sexual activity between an adult, adolescent or older child, with a child including such things as fondling of genitals, masturbation, and oral, vaginal, or anal intercourse. It is not solely restricted to physical contact though; such abuse could include non-contact abuse, such as exposure, voyeurism, obscene phone calls, prostitution, and child pornography. The offender can range from a parent, stepparent, sibling, other relative, friend, neighbor, childcare person, teacher, to a stranger. This form of exploitation occurs with children of all ages, in rural, urban and suburban areas and among all ethnic, racial and socioeconomic groups. Since the 1970s, the sexual abuse of children and child molestation has increasingly been recognized as deeply damaging to children and thus unacceptable for society as a whole. While sexual interaction between children and adults has been present throughout history, it has only become the object of significant public attention in recent times. Child sexual abuse has been reported up to 80,000 times a year, but the number of unreported instances is far greater, because the children are afraid to tell anyone what has happened, and the legal procedure for validating an episode is difficult. The long-term emotional and psychological damage of sexual abuse can be devastating to the child. The problem should be identified, and the abuse stopped. That is where child sexual abuse prevention programs come into play. Most child sexual abuse prevention programs focus on teaching children how to lower their risk for becoming a victim of sexual abuse, and increasing their knowledge of potential sexual abuse approaches and encounters. These prevention programs also encourage efficient skills, which can be used in any uncomfortable situation that could lead to sexual abuse. Although child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention programs promote and teach effective skills to use when confronted by an abuser, they do not successfully reduce sexual violence because of the inconsistencies among programs, the lack of knowledge about abusers, and the vulnerability of the victims. CSA prevention programs do not effectively reduce the prevalence of child sexual abuse because there is not a stable foundation of knowledge about the paths that lead to abuse and the abusers themselves. According to Jeffrey J. Haugaard, Ph. D. , Department of Human Development New York State College of Human Ecology at Cornell University, â€Å"Federal and state agencies, and private foundations, have funded little basic research in this area – and thus we have no foundation of knowledge on which to support effective sexual abuse prevention,† (Haugaard). In order to design effective prevention efforts for any problem, an understanding of the development of that problem is crucial. We are better at preventing physical abuse of children rather than the sexual abuse of children, because we have a clearer understanding of how physical abuse develops; this is because of the mass research efforts taken to grasp the subject. If state governments expend more money to fund research regarding abusers and their developmental pathways, then there would be a greater chance of gaining the knowledge necessary to make the programs attest their purpose. Haugaard also stated â€Å"We tend to know more about what does not work in the area of preventing child sexual abuse than we know about what does work† (Haugaard). This ties in with the factor of not having a legitimate amount of research to base prevention programs off from, and, therefore, the programs not achieving deterrence and lessening sexual violence. Our current awareness and perception of the problems involving sexual violence is not enough to effectively interfere and bring it to a stop, or at least attempt to. Moreover, â€Å"Although sexual abuse prevention training programs are well-intentioned efforts to protect children against a loathsome crime, there is no evidence that they work, or even on the margin that these efforts produce more good than harm,† (Neil Gilbert, Chernin Professor of Social Welfare and co-chairman of the Berkeley Child Welfare Research Center). This meaning that without at secure basis of the basic knowledge of abusers, there is no way of telling if these prevention programs are even working. Our present incompetent education will lead us to false accusations and assumptions until we are able to further investigate and study the mind-set of abusers. Some may argue that child sexual abuse prevention programs are effective in preventing child sexual abuse. One of the more positive characteristics and purposes of CSA prevention programs is that they achieve the idea of educating and publicizing effective skills for children to use when dealing with the confrontation of a possible sexual abuser. These components include abuse-specific information, skill-practice activities, parent involvement, and multiple sessions in which children learn skills and have concepts reinforced. The most important skill learned is knowing how to say â€Å"NO! † David Finkelhor, a renowned Professor of Sociology at the University of New Hampshire, organized and performed many studies in relation to child sexual abuse. As stated by Joseph Dake, James Price, and Judy Murnan, in their evaluation of a child abuse prevention curriculum â€Å"Finkelhor conducted a national survey of 2,000 youth aged 10 to 16. They found that children receiving more extensive school-based prevention programs were more knowledgeable about abuse, more likely to report self-protective strategies when threatened, more likely to tell someone after an attempted victimization, and less likely to blame themselves for the abuse. † This means that the prevention programs that children partake in allow them to gain more confidence and feel more conversant when faced with sexual abuse. There is enough data to support the idea that these programs do provide many students with a more confidence and skills to use in a dangerous situation. However, abusers are still out in society, and while education is worthwhile and important, we need to make it physically safer for everyone by providing longer prison terms and more austere consequences for offenders. We want our children safe and hoping they will learn the skills to deal with dangerous criminals is not enough, we need to make it safer for them. An unfortunate example of this can be made with Larry Don McQuay, a habitual and lifelong sexual predator from Texas. In 1995, he confessed to getting away with molesting over 240 children before he was caught for molesting just one boy. The case of Larry Don McQuay seems to epitomize society's continuing inability to deal with those who have incorrigible and unspeakable appetites for children. One obvious permanent solution–capital punishment–is strictly reserved for murder and is likely to remain so. The public remains divided over the merits of the death penalty, child sexual abuse cases are difficult to prove beyond all question of doubt, and most sex offenders are members of or known to the victim's family, making the latter unlikely to call for a death sentence. As a result, there is a push to sentence child molesters to life in prison without parole or place them in secure mental institutions until they are judged not to be a danger to society. In the meantime, however, many offenders receive probation or short prison sentences, and thousands are released from jail and back into society each year. â€Å"(Wetzstein) Releasing predators back into society can increase a child's susceptibility of being abused and scarred for the rest of their life. If the penalties for child sexual violence become more severe, many offenders will be kept away from society for a longer period of time, or even eternity. This is important, because it would create a safer environment for the children and the general public to live in as a whole. Sexual violence encounters and happenings would reduce in number with fewer perpetrators out to cause harm. Education programs, however, are incapable of keeping predators out of society and children out of harms way. With the many forms of unwanted lascivious gestures and exploitation, and the unremitting chance of a child being assaulted, prevention programs are incapable of thwarting, or even minimizing the amount of sexual violence that is imposed on kids. Without a steady understanding of the offenders and their acts of maltreatment, we will not be able to help rid the world of these psychopaths and make the world more protected and secure for our children. â€Å"The sexual abuse and exploitation of children is one of the most vicious crimes conceivable, a violation of mankind's most basic duty to protect the innocent† (James T. Walsh). Society, therefore, must put forth an effort to delve into studying all aspects of the subject, and help protect children from the perpetrators of these vile crimes by strengthening notification requirements for sex offenders and increasing criminal penalties.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Patient Priority and the Cost Effectiveness

Patient Priority and the Cost Effectiveness Introduction Provision of good health services remains a major task for most governments in the world today. As a result, there are strategies, which have been adopted over time to ensure that this task is achieved effectively through improvement of the entire healthcare sector.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Patient Priority and the Cost Effectiveness specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Whilst this is the case, many governments find it difficult to offer quality services to patients especially in cases where the cost exceeds the financial ability of individual patients. As such, health providers find it hard to decide on how to offer quality services at a lower cost, in order to consider the economic status of patients (Plans-Rubià ³, 2012). These cases are common in most parts of the world including but not limited to Saudi Arabia, Africa and Asia. This report will discuss the high cost of medical treatment, in rel ation to giving patients the priority to receive medical services. In order to achieve this task, the report mainly focuses on the situation in Saudi, where a good number of its people experience immense difficulties in sourcing quality medical services. The report is further divided into concise segments, expounding the problem being discussed, causes and possible solutions that have to be adopted to facilitate accessibility to good medical treatment in the region. High cost of medical treatment Due to the high cost of living and the current economic crisis, many countries find it difficult to offer cost-effective and quality medical treatment to most of their citizens. Like other countries in the world, Saudi Arabia has had its share in handling the high cost of medical services to its inhabitants (Almalki, Fitzgerald Clark, 2011). In explaining this trend, it is equally important to underscore how the health sector is financed in the country.Advertising Looking for repor t on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Financing of medical treatment in Saudi Arabia is mainly public, with free services being offered in all public facilities. While the government has continued to support this sector to offer quality services, the truth of the matter is that, the amount allocated per capita has significantly dropped. This is mainly attributed to the fast-growing population coupled with decreasing revenue from the government. Additionally, some analysts believe that duplication of services and unnecessary demand for these services greatly contributes to waste of resources. Due to increasing healthcare cost and compromised quality, the government has adopted measures to tame the situation mainly through privatization of hospitals and introduction of health insurance cover for both citizens and foreigners living in the country (Plans-Rubià ³, 2012). Low income-earners vs. treatments cost As mentioned above, the cost of healthcare has been rising in recent years, a trend that has affected majority of Saudi Arabians. As a result, most people in the country are unable to afford these services, which are considered to be essential to human beings. In addition, service providers find it hard in making the decision between saving the lives of people and compromising the quality of services due to their high cost (Almalki, Fitzgerald Clark, 2011). According to recent survey, the high cost of medical treatment in Saudi Arabia mainly affects low income-earners. This class of people comprises of millions of people, including the country’s citizens and foreigners. Cancer and the costs of chemo therapy Even though all medical procedures and services are costly, it is doubtless that critical cases of illnesses are always demanding. Treatment of cancer therefore falls under this category of health complications that are posing a major challenge to treat due to high cost ass ociated with it.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Patient Priority and the Cost Effectiveness specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In particular, many people are unable to meet the cost for chemotherapy, a procedure that is widely known in cancer treatment (Oxford Business Group, 2008). When applied correctly, the procedure eliminates cancerous cells in a patient’s body. Due to this, cancer treatment is becoming a burden to public hospitals since most patients cannot afford the treatment cost. Cancer drugs cost approximately $100,000 per year in Saudi Arabia and yet not all patients get treated. Since treatment of most illnesses is free in Saudi Arabia, non-Saudis experience a wide range of challenges when looking for treatment. This is because the free medical program in the country excludes treatment of foreigners. Statistics Affordability of healthcare services remains a major challenge to most people in the w orld. This is due to a number of issues including the current economic crisis, poor planning strategies and increasing population against limited resources. Consequently, many countries experience several challenges, including the inability of some people to afford medical treatment (Oxford Business Group, 2008). For instance, the carrying capacity for most hospitals and the low number of doctors, nurses and pharmacists negatively impact the health sector in most countries. Due to low wages and inflation, the number of people who do not have medical insurance cover continues to increase in most parts of the world today. With most governments struggling to subsidize healthcare cost, low salaries and unemployment hamper these efforts since employers are required to pay a section of the total cost.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example, only 84% of Americans have medical insurance, which requires their employers to cater for approximately 60% of the insurance cost. Others are insured by the government, military, Medicare or Medicaid. In Saudi Arabia, the country has over 1.5 million doctors with the almost every citizen being able to access sanitation while more than 95% of the population has access to healthy water. Immunization rate has also gone up in the country, to an approximated value of 94% (Oxford Business Group, 2008). Effects of Healthcare on the Economy Despite the fact that there are significant strides that have been made by the ministry of health in Saudi Arabia, there are several challenges that have emerged. Most of these challenges negatively affect the country’s economy (Almalki, Fitzgerald Clark, 2011). Major obstacles revolve around health workforce, changing patterns of some diseases, accessibility of healthcare services, financing and expenditure and changing technology a mong other factors. Due to the increasing population and the above listed challenges, the government is forced to invest heavily in the sector through hiring of more doctors and other health workers together with the expansion of existing health facilities. Poor medical treatment quality As a result of existing limitations in the ministry of health, the quality of services being offered has largely been compromised. This has led to serious and fatal results, where patients are prone to wrong procedures offered in various medical facilities. Poor systems and deaths It is obvious that accidents require urgent attention from medical experts. This is crucial in saving the life of patients who may be in critical conditions. However, there is divided attention among doctors due to the overwhelming number of patients to be attended to (Mansour, 2008). The end result of this is low quality services, which may result into other complications. This situation is also worsened by poor systems a pplied in treatment of critical medical conditions. Among all the associated effects, careless deaths are common in hospitals, resulting from poor services, poor systems and inadequate health attendants in hospitals. Causes This section of the report explores some of the causal factors associated with the above mentioned problems and challenges facing the ministry of health in Saudi Arabia. Lack of governmental supervision Governmental supervision of medical services in Saudi Arabia has immensely affected the quality of services being offered. It is highly limited by the fact that the ministry of health takes charge of all health services in the country. As a result, some regions and public hospitals end up giving services, which have not been verified by government inspectors (Mansour, 2008). This is likely to result into accidents, errors and careless deaths of patients. This management system of the ministry of health does not meet the needs of the ever-growing population of the nation. Price variation Another cause of the above described problem is variation in prices charged by different public hospitals. While people would expect standard charges for medical services in hospitals, it is amazing that most health centers have different prices. This affects service delivery and planning as the government cannot project its expenditure, stemming from inconsistency. In cases where low prices are charged, such hospitals may end up receiving low funding, thus compromising the quality of services being offered. Low standards of treatment Although Saudi Arabia prides on offering free medical services to its people, research reveals that some of the services given in public hospitals are of low standards. This puts majority of patients at the risk of being poorly served. Poor treatment further emanates from the fact that the population of the country is ever-growing against limited resources (Wynbrandt, 2010). This causes straining of resources including healthcar e workers who have to work extra hours in order to serve all the patients. Moreover, the existence of too many non-value adding costs in the ministry of health contributes to poor service delivery. In other words, the government spends on services that do not generate revenue for the state and does not support patient recovery. Poor technology The last cause of most of the challenges being experienced by Saudis ministry of health is lack of technology to handle many health complications in public hospitals. This results into several issues, which threaten the survival of patients, their ease to recover and the efficiency of doctors and other health workers. For instance, lack of technology undermines diagnosis of diseases, resulting into poor medical procedures and prescription of drugs. Low level of technology further hampers handling of emergency cases especially when patients require intensive or specialized care. Solutions There are several strategies, which can be adopted and i mplemented in order to reverse the current healthcare system in Saudi Arabia. This is quite necessary in controlling unnecessary deaths of patients and in improving the overall delivery of medical treatment services. These remedies are broadly divided into two categories: Minimizing costs As mentioned above, the ministry of health heavily spends on treatment services and expenses that largely contribute to the high cost of healthcare, which becomes unaffordable to most people (Walker, 2009). This unnecessary expenditure further affects the quality of services offered, due to lack of priority within the management. These costs should therefore be eliminated to allow more resource allocation towards the improvement of healthcare services. Of great significance is also the reengineering of the healthcare system to meet current demand in the market. This can be achieved through optimum staffing, acquisition of relevant equipment and medicine and improvement of medical procedures. This e nsures that the needs of hospitals and patients are met based on existing situations (Plans-Rubià ³, 2012). Alternative medication Availability of alternative medication is also essential in meeting the needs of different patients depending on their source of income and the ability to meet related costs. As such, low income-earners are given a chance to go for medical treatment without straining their resources (Walston, Al-Harbi Al-Omar, 2008). Additionally, an appropriate bill is supposed to be enacted and implemented in order to address existing challenges and expected future trends in the healthcare system. Governmental solutions Insurance companies In reforming the healthcare system of Saudi Arabia, the government has a role to play in ensuring that quality services are delivered affordably. Firstly, insurance companies should be encouraged to offer medical cover to citizens through payment of premiums by individuals. This would lessen the burden of national medical coverage. Technology Besides insurance, the government ought to appreciate changing technology through the adoption of emerging trends like the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of cancer and other diseases (Walston, Al-Harbi Al-Omar, 2008). Setting of standards in hospitals is equally important especially in regulation of treatment price and the quality of services being offered. This can be well implemented through hiring of enough government supervisors and quality assurers. Lastly, the adoption of Affordable Care Act (ACA) is important to streamline the sector. Recommendations and Conclusion From the above report, it is obvious that the quality and cost effectiveness remain major factors affecting several healthcare systems in the world. Due to high cost of living and inflation, most people are unable to afford quality medical treatment. Additionally, governments are not capable of providing affordable and good medical services to customers due to limited resources and increased po pulation among other factors. Nevertheless, thorough reforms are necessary in Saudis healthcare system in order to provide quality services to its people. References Almalki, M., Fitzgerald, G., Clark, M. (2011). Health care system in Saudi Arabia: an overview. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 17(10), 784-793. Mansour, A. (2008). Factors affecting locational decisions of Saudi health care professionals. Michigan: ProQuest. Oxford Business Group. (2008). The Report: Saudi Arabia 2008. London: The Report: Saudi Arabia 2008. Plans-Rubià ³, P. (2012). Frameworks to Set Priorities for Treatments Based on Cost-Effectiveness and Equity. The Open Pharmaco-economics Health Economics Journal, 4, 1-7. Walker, L. (2009). The right to health in Saudi Arabia. University of Aberdeen. Retrieved from https://www.abdn.ac.uk/ Walston, S., Al-Harbi, Y., Al-Omar, B. (2008). The changing face of healthcare in Saudi Arabia. Ann Saudi Med, 28 (4), 243-250. Wynbrandt, J. (2010). A Brief History of Saudi Arabia. New York City: Facts On File.

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Descriptive Essay Essays

Descriptive Essay Essays Descriptive Essay Essay Descriptive Essay Essay We would leave in the morning on Fridays to make it to Clifton before the sun sets. Then we would leave Clifton again early in the mornings.. Because traveling through the forest at night is the most dangerous, due to Deere and livestock leering alongside the highways. Then on Sundays we would leave early in the mornings again, so that we can make it back in time for school. But for the last 2 school outs we been spending our summer with them , until school started again. My parents apartment was located right behind the landlords house. The apartment my parents were renting was Just right for us,there were 3 bedrooms, one bathroom, kitchen, and the living room. The living room had a big window that covered almost half of the wall. I saw the front yard, covered with shade by two trees, but the ground was Just plain dirt. I also noticed we were located on a big hill and surrounded by train tracks. I remember trains crying early In the mornings as I try to sleep. Then birds begin to sing before the sun rises as If they were chanting prayers. As I lay there the morning breeze blows in the smell of fresh cut grass. My family and I would spend our time together cooking outside and telling scary stories. I would sit beside my parent for comfort from the scary stories being told. I startle myself by looking Into the dark streets and picturing abnormal creatures. I felt safe with my parents beside me. I remember having nightmares In the middle of the sights, but not having my parent there to calm me. I whizzed through the front door straight into the living area where my grandma’s prized possessions were displayed. My favorite possession of hers was the many arrays of water-color filled bottles: green, red, purple, and the deepest blue I had ever seen. They were displayed in the front room window seals. The windows covered two walls, from the ceiling to just barely a foot off the ground; so beautiful when the sunlight would shine through the colored bottles, the colors would shine all around the room. After I reached the living room I would turn the corner into the hallway and run across the furnace, which was built into the floor, quite remarkable. I reached the end of the hallway on the north side of the house and there was the sewing/toy room where many of my cousins were jumping up and down with happiness; we then started hugging each other while jumping up and down, we hugged so hard that we fell down with laughter. We suddenly smelled the spices from the kitchen, and of course the smokey smell of the barbeque coming through the windows. My cousins and I jumped up and headed out towards the kitchen, on the way, just left to the sewing room was my grandma’s room where I would sneak into on occasion to snoop through her cedar chest; that is where she kept all of our family photo albums. In her room she had an elegant dressing table. I could escape with make-believe by playing dress up with her magnificent costume jewelry. I would play with her make-up and drench myself with her many perfumes: Gardenia, Tabu, and Sands de Sable. Onwards to the kitchen we go, where grandma was cooking up her famous potato salad; the hot steam, rolled up through the air from the boiling potatoes, all of the cousins raced through to the dining room. In the dining room sitting around the table were the aunts and uncles; laughing, sharing family stories, and passing around the newest photographs. Straight out to the back yard we would go through the big sliding glass doors, we would find grandpa by smelling our way to the smokey barbeque ribs. Argo 3 By now grandma was setting the picnic table, and it was time for all the families to gather up for the grand feast: ribs, potato salad, deviled eggs, veggies, and of course my momma’s sweet and yummy pistachio salad. After we indulge in all the wonders of the barbeque we headed out to the Mountain family cherry tree; which I loved to climb and pick the delicious, the fruitiest, and the most colorful cherries ever. I would then eat them until my stomach would swell up. After the cherry tree I would head out to the front yard for the annual fireworks display put on by my uncles. As all the aunts and cousins are on clean-up crew, the little ones were falling asleep as the starry night had arrived. Of course this was my least favorite part of the day when my momma and pop’s would herd me out to the car. This was the end of a wonderful day with my family; at the â€Å"Mountain House,† where on the garage door was a painting of beautifully landscaped mountains. As we pulled away from another memorable family reunion, I watched the mountains on the garage door get smaller and smaller; the smell of fireworks and smokey barbeque ribs on my clothes, the sound of laughter still in my head, and having those feelings of love and comfort. These sounds and smells still remain in my thoughts today. Remembering childhood memories like these can make the difference in feeling lost and disconnected with oneself; this could have positive reinforcement to help with feeling connected and to feel not so lost. One of the most important things in someone’s life is the connection and support of family. Tapping into these memories helps me to stay strong and focused. I keep these memories going with sharing and passing along photos and stories to my children. Always stay connected with family if possible, for they could be your life line.